DeCo-MIL: Debiased Counterfactual Reasoning for Long-Tailed Whole Slide Image Analysis

Excerpt

arXiv:2608.14719v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multiple instance learning (MIL) is widely used for weakly supervised whole slide image (WSI) analysis. However, under long-tailed distributions, MIL-based WSI analysis faces a nested dual long-tail: an inter-slide class long tail and an intra-slide long tail of instance-level discriminative evidence. The two long tails are coupled: tail classes have few training slides, while their limited diagnostic evidence is concentrated in a few patches and