A Vision Transformer for ECG-Based Detection of Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction Across Multiple Clinical Sites

Excerpt

arXiv:2608.14723v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is frequently asymptomatic and often detected only after advanced heart failure develops. Electrocardiograms are recorded routinely yet underused for this condition, because reduced LVEF has no single diagnostic waveform. We trained an ensemble of vision transformers from scratch to detect reduced LVEF ($\leq$40%) from 12-lead ECGs, analyzing each heartbeat individually, using 10,142 patients acro