Optimal Watermark Localization in Mixed-Source Large Language Model Texts

Excerpt

arXiv:2608.14906v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Watermarking provides a principled way to authenticate text generated by large language models (LLMs). In practice, however, the final text may be mixed-source, with watermark evidence surviving at only a subset of token positions after rewriting, insertion, deletion, or paraphrasing. Although prior work has studied global detection of watermark signals, when such signals can be localized remains unclear. We formulate watermark localization as a