How AI Agents Discover Scientific Equations: From Hydrotope Rediscovery to New Water-Wave Amplitudes

Excerpt

arXiv:2610.00435v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study how AI agents discover and validate scientific formulas using a controlled case study of the hydrotope, a recently discovered geometric formula that combines the different polynomial pieces of nonlinear surface-wave scattering into one global expression. This problem is deceptively difficult: simple formulas can hold within individual frequency regions, but the global result must identify their boundaries and combine exponentially many p