SimpleMark: Fast Multi-Bit Text Watermarking under f -Divergence Constraints

Excerpt

arXiv:2610.05712v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We introduce a framework for multi-bit text watermarking with security defined directly through $f$-divergence from the base language model distribution. Unlike prior approaches that focus on average-key distortion-freeness or a particular statistical distance, our formulation supports general $f$-divergences, including total variation and KL divergence, and enforces the guarantee for each realized key and embedded message. We develop a coding-ba